...
- IUU was formally recognized as a fishing problem at an FAO conference in 1992
- Schmidt, 2004 has a "brief" overview on subsequent regulations
- International Plan of Action for IUU Fishing (aka IPOA-IUU) is key
- defines stuff:
- Illegal fishing: fishing that is not in accordance with local laws, or fishing by a boat that is not allowed in those waters. (I guess those are the same)
- Unreported: either unreported or misreported catch data
- Unregulated: fishing "conducted in stocks for which no state (or RFMO) has taken responsibility for their management and conservation; or by vessels without nationality (or flying the flag of a state not party to any relevant RFMO) and who therefore do not consider themselves bound by the relevant national laws (or RFMO regualtionsregulations)."
- goal is to "'prevent, deter, and eliminate IUU fishing'"
- defines stuff:
...
- Identifying affected stocks and fisheries
- Formulating practical solutions
- Developing approaches to managine managing the uncertainties that IUU creates
...
- Ineffective Management
- Fleet Overcapacity
- Bad enforcement
- economic incentives from flag hopping supporting states
- economic pressures
- LACK OF STIGMA ASSOCIATED WITH IUU--"UNDERESTIMATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACTS"
- IUU can start a "self propagating cycle" (they cite Schmidt 2004)
- IUU by one fisherman induces other fishermen to go IUU
- More IUU --> more uncertainty in estimates --> stricter regulations --> more IUU
- Paton, 2005 says that IUU can become part of the culture of a fishing village