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A future idea would be to install GPS tags in nets and other fishing gear. The tags would emit a unique signals which could be tracked automatically. Ships would also have unique GPS tags that could be matched together with their equipment; boats that don't pass inspection (i.e. use the right equipment in the right areas such as no trawling areas) do not comply with fishing regulations, such as equipment restrictions in protected areas, would be red flagged by the automated system, which then eliminates eliminating the need for human operators and makes the making enforcement aspect more efficient. This can also track ships that The system would also record any attempts to fish in no-take closed areas. In order to track the number of hours a ship's equipment is in the water, a speed coach propeller, or other mobile equipment device which spin spins as water passes, could be put on nets and track the speed and time for which used to record how fast and how long the equipment is pulled. Hours in the water The number of hours that a piece of gear is used could also be tracked by a resistance meter that can sense when it is in water because the resistance of the water is much less than of air so as the meter dries, resulting in a drop in resistance readingby detecting the difference in the electrical resistances of water and air.
Implementing the Steps:
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The time frame must be large enough to allow fishermen to replace their equipment whenever is most convenient for them (i.e. when they would naturally need to replace it), but small enough to leave very little time for inaction and to encourage countries to be proactive in their conversions. An extension can be added if it is needed on a case-by-case basis in order to meet the deadline.
Subsidies for Step 2 technology would be implemented before the Step 1 phase is fully complete so fisherman can choose to go straight to Step 2 and skip Step 1, if they can do so. Step 2 would continue past the end of the ITQ bonuses provided for Step 1 conversion. As sustainable fishing increases and unsustainable fishing decreases, subsidies would become largely unnecessary.
Local fishermen and small fishing companies would get larger per-net or equipment converted subsidies than large companies, who would relatively larger subsidies for equipment conversion than large companies would. Large fishing companies wouuld receive a smaller subsidy based on a sliding scale. This is because large fishing companies major corporations would find it easier and have more capital available to convert to new technology than smaller groups of small fishermen would. However, due to this same capital, large fishing fleets might in fact be less likely to make the switch, so we propose that they also receive a tax break.
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*Regulation of Fishing Technology (Long |
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The most effective means of managing Regulations are necessary to manage ocean fisheries in the long-term will be regulations. Ideally, regulations would occur be active before fish are caught rather than after. For example, regulation regulations should specify net drag speed and net mesh size rather than enforcing simply setting quotas, which only can encourage fishermen to throw fish exceeding the weight limit over-quota fish away. Regulation would be most effective if the two are combined.
Bottom trawling should not be allowed in communities deeper than a certain depth because deep ocean habitats recover much more slowly whereas while very shallow areas that are used to frequently disturbed by storms , and other factors which affect the bottom habitat, natural events show little or no damage in the succeeding a few months after trawling has taken place. More research is needed in classifying sediment type according to depth or extensive underwater terrain mapping to show sediment composition to determine sediment type in various parts of the ocean floor so that areas that can be bottom trawled can be distinguished from those that cannot. Bottom The harm of bottom trawling effects can be somewhat mitigated reduced by these steps, but it still harm damages the ocean environment and should therefore be phased out altogether as newer technology is implemented.
Regulation of where mobile gear (trawls and other similar fishing methods) and non-mobile gear (such as lines or traps) can be used in conjunction with the mapping of underwater terrain would also greatly limit the damage to the sea floor. Mobile gears catch greater volumes of fish, but can be much less selective than non-mobile gear. However, mobile gear is much far more cost-effective since it can catch more fish can be caught in less time with less effort.
For mobile gear, we should regulate at what speed the speed at which nets can be dragged should be regulated so as to maximize the benefit benefits of the increased mesh size. At high speeds, fish that would normally be able to escape from the netting are trapped by the larger fish that are pressed against the end of the net. Setting a mandatory minimum mesh size that nets cannot exceed would also decrease the bycatch, although more research is needed to determine the appropriate minimum size sizes for the various species being fished.
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One of the main issues regarding any laws or regulations governing the fisheries is enforcement. Requiring all fishing vessels to have a GPS tracking device on board will make the regulation of fishermen and fishing companies much simpler and more effective. A tracking device will give off a signal that can be recorded by geosynchronous satellites, so the exact position of the fishing vessel can be monitored by the regulating body. It will allow regulating bodies to know which fleets are in the water and whether or not they are within legal boundaries at any given time, thus ensuring that marine protected areas and time-area closures are not being fished. Speeds of less than three knots usually indicates that the vessel is fishing, and patterns in global positioning data can also help managers determine what type of fishing strategy the vessel is using (Marshall et al, 1998).
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