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1. Open up the terminal in BitCurator 

2. Navigate to the folder containing the itstar program
   

3. Construct the command you'll use to extract the files.
   

   1. The first time(s) we run the command we will use the "t" option to only print to the terminal what files would be extracted by the command. This will help when determining the other options to use.

   2. "f" incicates we are using a tape image file, not reading from a tape itself.

   3. The .tap files are not all encoded the same way, and there's no telling how a particular file is encoded except either 1) look at the byte codes inside, or 2) trial and error.  We will use trial and error first (with the "t" option passed for print only).

      1. -E is for using the E-11 tape image format or even-sized tape records

      2. Big or little endian record size. Detault is little, pass -B for big.

      3. 9 or 7 track tapes.  9-track stores eight bits per byte.  7-track store 6 bits plus parity.  Default is 9, pass -7 for the latter.

      4. Two of the most common are "-7B": 7-track tape with big endian record sizes. Or just -E for 9-track little endian with an even-sized tape record.

         Code Block
         language bash
         # Basic elements of the command $ itstar -t[tape encoding options] -C /path/where/you/want/the/extracted/files/to/go -f /path/to/tape/image.tap # Example of 7-track tape with big endian record sizes $ itstar -t7B -C /path/where/you/want/the/extracted/files/to/go -f /path/to/tape/image.tap # 9-track little endian with an even-sized tape record $ itstar -tE -C /path/where/you/want/the/extracted/files/to/go -f /path/to/tape/image.tap

      5. Replace the t in the command with an x in order to extract the files. For instance: "-xE" instead of "-tE"

tapeutils

tapeutils is a set of tools for creating and working with various types of tape images.

read20

We use the tapex read20 program within tapeutils for extracting files from the TOPS-20 images that are found within the ToTS dataset.

1. Open up the terminal in BitCurator 

2. Navigate to the folder where you want the extracted files to end up (you need to b
   

3. Construct the command you'll use to extract the files.
   1. The first time(s) we run the command we will use the "t" option to only print to the terminal what files would be extracted by the command to make sure everything looks correct. 
   2. The "b" option is then use to force the extraction of all files.
   3. The final option is the "f" to specify the image file
       

       

       

      Code Block
      language bash
      #Elements of the command /path/to/tapeutils/read20 -t -b -f /path/to/tape/image.tap

       

       

       
   4. Replace the t in the command with an x in order to extract the file