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- Smooth body separation
- Drag
- Stability and control effectiveness
- Maximum lift during approach/landing
- Transonic and low speed buffet
- Boundary layer ingestion for tightly coupled airframe/engine installations
- Massive separation
- Cavities
- Extreme maneuvers
- Blunt components
- Dynamic stall
- Laminar to turbulent boundary layer flow transition
- Natural and hybrid laminar flow control
- Viscous wake interactions and boundary layer confluence
- Multi-element, high-lift flows
- Corner flows
- Wing/body, wing/pylon, and pylon/nacelle juncture flows
- Reattachment
- Icing
- Ice development and accretion
- Performance impact
- Circulation and flow separation control
- Active flow control
- Powered lift
- Jet exhaust
- Engine noise
- Jet-flap interaction
- Sonic fatigue
- Airframe noise
- High-lift
- Landing gear
- Vortical flows
- Vortex generators/chines
- Wake hazard reduction and avoidance
- Wind tunnel to flight scaling**
- Reynolds number
- Model characteristics: surface, brackets, aeroelastics
Rotary Wing:
- Flow separation
- Bluff bodies
- Hover download
- Dynamic stall
- Vortical flow in rotor wakes
- Wake persistence for large numbers of revolutions
- Blade/vortex interactions
- Rotor structural dynamics/aerodynamics/controls interactions
- Flexible/deformed rotor blade flows
- Vibratory loads
- Rotor wake/fuselage interactions
- Flow interaction with ground
- Ground wash
- Brownout
- Rotor/Airframe interaction with ground plane
- Acoustic loading
- Non-harmonic flow/rotor control
- Multi-rotor interactions (coaxial, etc.)
- Laminar to turbulent boundary layer transition flow
- Circulation and flow separation control
- Active flow control
- Icing
- Ice accretion
- Ice shedding
- Performance impact
- Wind tunnel to flight scaling
- Reynolds number
- Model characteristics
...
- Integrated propulsor/airframe flows
- Unsteady flows due to turbomachinery blade row interactions** Stage matching** Wake mixing** Compressor stability and rotating stall
- Secondary flows, including endwall and tip vortical structures
- Time-accurate coupled component interactions** Multi-row rotor-stator interactions** Main gaspath/secondary gaspath interactions** Combustor exhaust product/turbine interactions including hot streak migration
- Aerothermal cooling/mixing flows (e.g., film cooling)
- Rotational and curvature effects on flow turbulence for rotating turbomachinery
- Transitional flows over a wide range of Reynolds number, pressure gradient, and freestream turbulence
- Real gas thermodynamic models for high temperature flows with dissociation
- Reactive flows** Fuel spray modeling (two-phase flows, liquid fuel breakup, atomization, gaseous mixing)** Multi-regime combustion models** Emissions modeling
- Vitiated flows
- Combustion dynamics
- Near-field acoustic sources and propagation to the acoustic farfield
- Ice accretion
- Distributed (electric) propulsion