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Documentation

Every function and class should be documented and thoroughly commented.

Use Doxygen standards, which CLion should automatically register and autocomplete.

https://www.doxygen.nl/index.html

Bracket usage

When using brackets, always do

void foo(params) {
}
//NOT
void foo(params)
{
}

Class file ordering

Libraries on top and interfaces to other classes below, group these by type
Public goes above private in the .h
Function ordering in the .cpp should match the .h

#include <iostream>

#include "ExampleClass.h"

class DateClass {
    public:
        int mYear{};
        int mMonth{};
        int mDay{};
    private:
        int mTime{};
};

Structs and enums

Do not use typedefs for structs.

Structs must also be used for data only.

struct Date {
    int year{};
    int month{};
    int day{};
};
//NOT
typedef struct {
    int year{};
    int month{};
    int day{};
} Date;

Use enum class, not enum.

enum class Color {
    red,
    blue
};
//NOT
enum Color {
    red,
    blue
};

using, not typedef

Use the using type alias rather than typedef:

using distance_t = double; // define distance_t as an alias for type double
//NOT
typedef double distance_t; // define distance_t as an alias for type double

const, not define

Avoid using #define to create symbolic constants macros.

const double GRAVITY{ 9.8 }; // preferred use of const before type

Naming conventions

Variables are camelCase.
Methods are camelCase.
Classes are PascalCase.
Static constants are UPPER_SNAKE_CASE.

class EncodedPacket {
    public:
        EncodedPacket(uint8_t *data, uint8_t len);
        const uint8_t *getData() const;
        uint8_t getLen() const;
        DecodedPacket *decode();

    private:
        const uint8_t * const data;
        const uint8_t len;
        Static const 
        void print(){
            std::cout << "This is a function!";
        }
};

Constants

Everything should be a constant reference if possible. By default, functions will make a copy of what is passed in, which we do not want.

uint8_t const &dataRef = data;
//NOT
uint8_t dataRef = data;

When initializing a function:

EncodedPacket(uint8_t *dataRef);
//NOT
EncodedPacket(uint8_t dataRef);

Constexpr, not Macros

Use constant expressions (constexpr) for small helper functions.

constexpr int square(int x) { return x*x; }
//NOT
#define SQUARE(r) ((r)*(r))
double square_macro = AREA(4.6);

Assertions

Occasionally use assert statements to double-check any condition. If the statement inside the assert is false, the program will terminate.

bool value = 8;
assert(value != NULL);
assert(value == 5); //Program will terminate