Current IUU Regulation:
The UN has been trying to stop IUU since 2001
They are SUGGESTING that nations:
- track fishing with authorization schemes
- educate judges on the seiriousness of IUU
- establish inspection schedules for ports and at sea
- Nation is responsible for patrolling, enforcing EEZ
- all states should join; developed nations should help developing nations
- IUU fish are non tradeable
- If caught:
- Banned from port
- also discourages flag hopping
Why didn't the plan work:
- vague, no real enforcement powers
- economic benefit to IUU
- no benefit for state to join against IUU
- developing nations have other things to worry about
Possible Solution:
Enforcing group created by each state confiscates catch of IUU fish and ship. Selling catch and fines for recovering boat could fund the enforcing organization.
Monitor on board, rotating, to stop illegal activities of enforcing group.
Countries that have regulations should freeze the assets of the parties that flag hop to countries that don't follow international code.
Vessels under no flag fall under unregulated.
Side solution: investment system - encourage developed countries to invest in developing countries so that they follow the IUU. Developed countries get returns of investment through interest, and also maintain their stocks bordering those in the developing countries. Developing countries get money initially, and later through increased fish.
Accounting for IUU, How much fish should be fished?
For Stocks at K/2 (MSY)
Total expected deaths (including IUU)
Rate w/ 5% chance (very little) of being > MSY
When actually implementing quotas we will have to factor in the amount of IUU be 95% sure that the amount of fishing will not exceed MSY.
For Stocks < K/2
Total expected deaths (including IUU)
Fishing should be done at arate with only 5% chance of being above a rate that will restore populations to K/2 in t years. (t still to be determined.)
Def. MSY- number of fish that can die per year without changing population size.
K/2 (half caring capacity)