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System: One point particle constrained to move in one dimension. — Interactions: Any that respect the one-dimensional motion.

Introduction to the Model

Description and Assumptions

This model is applicable to a single point particle subject to an acceleration that is constrained to one dimension and which is either parallel to or anti-parallel to the particle's initial velocity.

Learning Objectives

Students will be assumed to understand this model who can:

  • Choose the one graph possible velocity or acceleration vs. time graphs which corresponds to a model position versus time graph.
  • Differentiate position given as a polynomial function of time to find the corresponding velocity and acceleration.
  • Integrate the velocity or acceleration when given as a polynomial function of time along with appropriate initial conditions to find the functional form of the position.

S.I.M. Structure of the Model

Compatible Systems

A single point particle (or a system treated as a point particle with position specified by the center of mass).

Relevant Interactions

Some time-varying external influence that is confined to one dimension.

Laws of Change

Mathematical Representation
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Differential Forms
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\begin{large}\[ \frac{dv}{dt} = a\]\end{large}



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\begin{large}\[ \frac{dx}{dt} = v\]\end{large}
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Integral Forms
Latex
\begin{large}\[ v(t) = v(t_{i})+\int_{t_{i}}^{t} a\;dt\]\end{large}



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\begin{large}\[ x(t) = x(t_{i})+\int_{t_{i}}^{t} v\;dt\]\end{large}
Diagrammatic Representations

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Click here to run a simulation demonstrating position,
velocity and acceleration graphs for general 1-D motion

Simulation provided by:
PhET Interative Simulations
University of Colorado
http://phet.colorado.edu

Relevant Examples

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All Examples Relevant to the Model
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example_problem,nonuniform_acceleration
example_problem,nonuniform_acceleration
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h2. Description {table:align=right|cellspacing=0|cellpadding=1|border=1|frame=box|width=40%}{tr}{td:align=center|bgcolor=#F2F2F2}{*}Hierarchy of Models* {td}{tr}{tr}{td} {pagetree:root=Hierarchy of Models}{td}{tr}{table}{excerpt}This model applies to a point particle subject to an external force that is either parallel or antiparallel to the particle's initial velocity.  {excerpt} ---- || Page Contents || | {toc:style=none|indent=10px} | ---- h2. Assumptions and Limitations h4. Prior Models * Link to model pages that should be learned before this model. h4. Vocabulary * [frame of reference] * [position (one-dimensional)] * [velocity] * [acceleration] ---- h2. Model Specification h4. System Schema *Internal Constituents:* *External Agents:* e.g. earth (gravity), surface (friction) h4. Descriptors *Object Variables:* e.g. m, l *State Variables:* e.g. v, x, t *Interaction Variables:* e.g. F, a h4. Laws of Interaction e.g. F = \-G mm/r^2 h4. Laws of Change Example: {latex}\begin{large}$v_{\rm f} = v_{\rm i} + a (t_{\rm f} - t_{\rm i})$\end{large}{latex}\\ \\ \\ ---- h2. Relevant Examples Replace search terms in the macro with relevant ones. {contentbylabel:1d_motion,constant_acceleration,example_problem|showSpace=false|showLabels=false|maxResults=50} ---- {search-box} \\ \\ | !copyright and waiver^copyrightnotice.png! | RELATE wiki by David E. Pritchard is licensed under a [Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 3.0 United States License|http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/us/]. | \\